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Kapda Ganda

Out of the 62 tribes living in Odisha, the majority of tribal people are living in the undivided Koraput district. One of the major components of these tribes is the Dongariya Kandha. Despite living in this modern era, the people of this tribe have persuaded their old lifestyle and have fascinated everyone. The people of this rare tribe are mainly found in Niyamgiri Hills and have been living in its lap. They have been living in the dungeon for eternity. Niyamgiri hills divide itself between two districts-Rayagada and Malkangiri. The Dongariya Kandhas are mostly from the Bisamacuttack, Muniguda, and Kalyansinghpur blocks of the Rayagada district. Similarly, they also reside in some villages of the Lanjigada block of Malkangiri District.


The main attraction of the rare tribes is their traditional costumes. Men and women usually look the same in traditional costumes. The first is the Siyali Ganda which extends from the lower part of the body to the waist. Another used cloth is he Ulumi ganda, which is worn from the neck to the waist down, some part of it is also used to cover the head. The third type of cloth is Aangina Ganda, it is wrapped around the waistband in multiple layers. It looks like a bag. But men of this tribe use a separate shawl-like cloth, in the Kui language (Tribal’s language), it is named Kapda Ganda. Kapda means head and Ganda means shawl. It's three hands long and two hands wide. Now it has a change in size, it's four hands long.


The threads used in this shawl are immersed in this colour solution for many days. After that, they are dried under sunlight for around 2-3 days and we obtain the colored threads. The terminal parts of kapda ganda mostly contain special cultural artworks. While the middle part is empty, the two sides around the middle part have a lineup of patterns at equal distances from the centre. Moreover in Dongariya shawls, we get to notice local artworks in the form of various elements. These elements include various shapes like triangles, circles, squares, and many straight lines. In the Kui language, these shapes together are named ‘Kudilinga’. Kudi means sadar (a house where Dongariya's worship their God) and linga means art. The circular pattern on kapda ganda is called ‘Kanaka', in the Kui language. Kanaka means eyes. There are many short, dotted lines which are known as ‘Keri', in the Kui language. These lines represent the crops and border. No pictures are printed upon the shawl rather they are weaved with hands using needle and thread. Out of the 62 tribes living in Odisha, the majority of tribal people are living in the undivided Koraput district. One of the major components of these tribes is the Dongariya Kandha. Despite living in this modern era, the people of this tribe have persuaded their old lifestyle and have fascinated everyone. The people of this rare tribe are mainly found in Niyamgiri Hills and have been living in its lap. They have been living in the dungeon for eternity. Niyamgiri hills divide itself between two districts-Rayagada and Malkangiri. The Dongariya Kandhas are mostly from the Bisamacuttack, Muniguda, and Kalyansinghpur blocks of the Rayagada district. Similarly, they also reside in some villages of the Lanjigada block of Malkangiri District.

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